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Adjective Rules
  • Adjectives come after the noun they describe.
  • Adjectives decline identical to nouns but are never declined as proper nouns.
  • Adjectives are categorized into five groups for declination rules.
  • An adjective will always agree with the noun it describes in both number and case.
  • Only the last adjective in a substative phrase will agree with the noun's case, but all adjectives in the phrase will agree in number.
Adjective declination table
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5
Number Case æ, e, i a, o, u (consonant) sam am
Singular Possessive -n -m -ai -sem1 -em2
Dative -vha -vha -evha -sevha1 -evha2
Normal +in +r +ir +sai1 +ai2
Plural Possessive -en -'en -en -sen1 -en2
Dative -vher -vher -evher -sevher1 -evher2
  1. Remove the {sam} ending before adding to the word stem.
  2. Remove the {*am} for Group 5 ending before adding to the word stem. The asterisk denotes the removal of any preceeding consonant.


Mode Comparison
Affix Example
Positive good - mnek
Negative not good emæl emæl mnek
Normal Superlative best +ha mnekha
Negative Superlative not best +im mnekim
Comparative better +[']e mnek'e
Negative Comparative not better +il mnekil
Positive good +'re mnek're
Negative not good emæl ... +'re emæl mnek're
Polite Superlative best +'nra mnek'nra
Negative Superlative least best +'mri mnek'mri
Comparative better +'ne mnek'ne
Negative Comparative less better +'nil mnek'nil


Deriving from verbs
+lho Similar to +able in English.
> His story is believable.
> Ahr'irrilho diam fviudh.
believable - irrilho
+'eri Similar to +ed in English.
> I am bored.
> Ahr'vædhl'eri arhem.
bored - vædhl'eri
+'akhe dis/un+ ... +ed
> He seems unconvinced.
> Diam hhætn mæshai'akhe.
unconvinced - mæshai'akhe
+'enh +ing
> She is inspiring.
> Ahr'mnashe'enh rii.
inspiring - mnashe'enh
+'ukhi un+ ... +ing
> Hakeev is uninspiring.
> Ahr'mnashe'ukhi Hakeev.
uninspiring - mnashe'ukhi
+'asi +tory / +ant
> Prepare the celebratory dinner.
> Pelære na ræda'asi kuhaos'ellær.
celebratory - ræda'asi
+'elh +ive
> That Klingon is abusive.
> Ahr'æhyy'elh Aneha Klling'hann.
abusive - æhyy'elh
Deriving from nouns
+lho +able
> His actions are questionable.
> Ahr'ehlrhlho diam iireædhir.
willable - ehlrhlho
ih'+ (General purpose usage)
> Romulus and Remus are central to the Empire.
> Ahr'ih'swæt ch'Rihan u'ch'Havran i na Shiar.
central - ih'swæt
lli'+ +less
> Don't act so careless!
> Ireaukhi uhhaæ lli'diæ!
careless - lli'diæ
+'anh +ing
> His mother is very caring.
> Ahr'diæ'anh diam ri'nanov idh.
caring - diæ'anh
+'ey +y (For vowel roots; -i endings are dropped)
> The riverbed is sandy.
> Ahr'khaa'ey na atlai'thalk
sandy - khaa'ey
+hkh
+e
+emh
+y (When root ends with a consonant)
> His ship is roomy.
> Ahr'dhiamne diam hiera.
roomy - dhiamne
+ai
+kha
+ous
> They had a vigorous vacation on Risa.
> Lloann partrain temamnei anahosai hrrau Risa.
vigorous - anahosai
+ahi
+æs
+n
+nhe
+ful
> We will have a joyful celebration.
> Mnean partrai'dhohh ræda oelh'len
joyful - oelh'len