The following examples do not include every possible combination of tense, mood and voice, but they do cover some of the most common and should serve as a guide for constructing other verb forms you may encounter.
Present Active Indicative
Indicative |
Arhem mniet ghan. - I throw the ball. |
Negative |
Arhem mnietukhe ghan. - I don't throw the ball. |
Subjunctive |
Ve arhem mnietute ghan. - If I (do) throw the ball. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve arhem mneitutekhe ghan. - If I don't throw the ball. |
Present Active Continuative
Indicative |
Arhem mnieturi ghan. - I am throwing the ball. |
Negative |
Arhem mnietukhi ghan. - I am not throwing the ball. |
Subjunctive |
Ve arhem mnietuti ghan. - If I am throwing the ball. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve arhem mnietutikhi ghan. - If I am not throwing the ball. |
Present Active Perfect
Indicative |
Arhem mnietir ghan. - I have thrown the ball. |
Negative |
Arhem mnietukh ghan. - I haven't thrown the ball. |
Subjunctive |
Ve arhem mnietut ghan. - If I have thrown the ball. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve arhem mneitutukh ghan. - If I haven't thrown the ball. |
Past Active Indicative
Indicative |
Arhem mneitn ghan. - I threw the ball. |
Negative |
Arhem mneitakhe ghan. - I didn't throw the ball. |
Subjunctive |
Ve arhem mnietate ghan. - If I threw the ball. / If I did throw the ball. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve arhem mnietatekhe ghan. - If I didn't throw the ball. |
Past Active Continuative
Indicative |
Arhem mneitari ghan. - I was throwing the ball. |
Negative |
Arhem mneitakhi ghan. - I wasn't throwing the ball. |
Subjunctive |
Ve arhem mnietati ghan. - If I was throwing the ball. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve arhem mnietatikhi ghan. - If I wasn't throwing the ball. |
Past Active Perfect
Indicative |
Arhem mneitar ghan. - I had thrown the ball. |
Negative |
Arhem mneitakh ghan. - I hadn't thrown the ball. |
Subjunctive |
Ve arhem mnietat ghan. - If I had thrown the ball. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve arhem mnietatakh ghan. - If I hadn't thrown the ball. |
Present Passive Indicative
Indicative |
Ghan mnietahr mh'arham. - The ball is thrown by me. |
Negative |
Ghan mnietahrukhe mh'arham. - The ball isn't thrown by me. |
Subjunctive |
Ve ghan mnietahrute mh'arham. - If the ball is thrown by me. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve ghan mneitahrutekhe mh'arham. - If the ball isn't thrown by me. |
Present Passive Continuative
Indicative |
Ghan mnietahruri mh'arham. - The ball is being thrown by me. |
Negative |
Ghan mnietahrukhi mh'arham. - The ball is not being thrown by me. |
Subjunctive |
Ve ghan mnietahruti mh'arham. - If the ball is being thrown by me. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve ghan mnietahrutikhi mh'arham. - If the ball is not being thrown by me. |
Present Passive Perfect
Indicative |
Ghan mnietahrir mh'arham. - The ball has been thrown by me. |
Negative |
Ghan mnietarhukh mh'arham. - The ball has not been thrown by me. |
Subjunctive |
Ve ghan mnietahrut mh'arham. - If the ball has been thrown by me. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve ghan mneitahrutukh mh'arham. - If the ball hasn't been thrown by me. |
Past Passive Indicative
Indicative |
Ghan mneitarhn mh'arham. - The ball was thrown by me. |
Negative |
Ghan mneitarhakhe mh'arham. - The ball wasn't thrown by me. |
Subjunctive |
Ve ghan mnietarhate mh'arham. - If the ball was thrown by me. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve ghan mnietahratekhe mh'arham. - If the ball wasn't thrown by me. |
Past Passive Continuative
Indicative |
Ghan mneitahrari mh'arham. - The ball was being thrown by me. |
Negative |
Ghan mneitahrakhi mh'arham. - The ball wasn't being thrown by me. |
Subjunctive |
Ve ghan mnietahrati mh'arham. - If the ball was being thrown by me. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve ghan mnietahratikhi mh'arham. - If the ball wasn't being thrown by me. |
Past Passive Perfect
Indicative |
Ghan mneitahrar mh'arham. - The ball had been thrown by me. |
Negative |
Ghan mneitahrakh mh'arham. - The ball hadn't been thrown by me. |
Subjunctive |
Ve ghan mnietahrat mh'arham. - If the ball had been thrown by me. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve ghan mnietahratakh mh'arham. - If the ball hadn't been thrown by me. |
Present Mediopassive Indicative
Indicative |
Ghan mnietahu. - The ball throws itself. |
Negative |
Ghan mnietukhehu. - The ball doesn't throw itself. |
Subjunctive |
Ve ghan mnietutehu. - If the ball throws itself. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve ghan mneitutekhehu. - If the ball doesn't throw itself. |
Present Mediopassive Continuative
Indicative |
Ghan mnieturihu. - The ball is throwing itself. |
Negative |
Ghan mnietukhihu. - The ball isn't throwing itself. |
Subjunctive |
Ve ghan mnietutihu. - If the ball is throwing itself. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve ghan mnietutikhihu. - If the ball isn't throwing itself. |
Present Mediopassive Perfect
Indicative |
Ghan mnietirahu. - The ball has thrown itself. |
Negative |
Ghan mnietukhahu. - The ball hasn't thrown itself. |
Subjunctive |
Ve ghan mnietutahu. - If the ball has thrown itself. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve ghan mneitutukhahu. - If the ball hasn't thrown itself. |
Past Mediopassive Indicative
Indicative |
Ghan mneitnahu. - The ball threw itself. |
Negative |
Ghan mneitakhehu. - The ball didn't throw itself. |
Subjunctive |
Ve ghan mnietatehu. - If the ball threw itself. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve ghan mnietatekhehu. - If the ball didn't throw itself. |
Past Mediopassive Continuative
Indicative |
Ghan mneitarihu. - The ball was throwing itself. |
Negative |
Ghan mneitakhihu. - The ball wasn't throwing itself. |
Subjunctive |
Ve ghan mnietatihu. - If the ball was throwing itself. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve ghan mnietatikhihu. - If the ball wasn't throwing itself. |
Past Mediopassive Perfect
Indicative |
Ghan mneitarahu. - The ball had thrown itself. |
Negative |
Ghan mneitakhahu. - The ball hadn't thrown itself. |
Subjunctive |
Ve ghan mnietatahu. - If the ball had thrown itself. |
Neg. Subj. |
Ve ghan mnietatakhahu. - If the ball hadn't thrown itself. |
Future
Simple |
Rii mneit ghan eisifv. - He will/shall throw the ball tomorrow. |
Negative |
Rii mneitukhe ghan eisifv. - He will/shall not throw the ball tomorrow. |
Unspecified |
Rii mneit'dhohh ghan. - He will/shall throw the ball (at an unspecified time). |
Unspecified Neg. |
Rii mneitukhe'dhohh ghan. - He will/shall not throw the ball (at an unspecified time). |
Continuous |
Rii mneituri ghan eisifv. - He will/shall be throwing the ball tomorrow. |
Continuous Neg. |
Rii mneitukhi ghan eisifv. - He will/shall not be throwing the ball tomorrow. |
Cont. Unsp. |
Rii mneituri'dhohh ghan. - He will/shall be throwing the ball (at an unspecified time). |
Cnt. Uns. Neg. |
Rii mneitukhi'dhohh ghan. - He will/shall not be throwing the ball (at an unspecified time). |
Desiderative
Simple |
Rii thei'mneit ghan. - He may/might/wants to throw the ball. |
Negative |
Rii thei'mneitukhe ghan. - He may/might not (does not want to) throw the ball. |
Continuous |
Rii thei'mneituri ghan. - He may/might be throwing the ball. |
Continuous Neg. |
Rii thei'mneitukhi ghan. - He may/might not be throwing the ball. |
Imperative
Nonmodal |
Mneitu ghan. - Throw the ball. |
Nonmodal Neg. |
Mneitukhe ghan. - Don't throw the ball. |
Polite Request |
Mneit'rau ghan. - Throw the ball. |
Inf. to Sup. |
Mnietn ghan. - Throw the ball. |
Inf. to Sup. Neg. |
Mneitnukhe. - Don't throw the ball. |
Sup. to Inf. |
Mniet'e ghan. - Throw the ball. |
Sup. to Inf. Neg. |
Mneit'ekhe ghan. - Don't throw the ball. |
Present Participles
Active/Reflexive |
Ehhaaienh dræs. - The sleeping man. |
Passive |
Hedræanh rii. - He is being hurt. |
Past Participles
Active/Reflexive |
Hedræeri rii. - He was hurt. |
Passive |
Hedræari rii. - He was being hurt. |
Infinitives
Indicative |
Mneiter - To throw. |
Continuative |
Mneiteri - To be throwing. |
Perfect |
Mneiteir - To be thrown. |